Welcome to the Gas Chromatography Chiral Stationary Phase Retention Index Database (Chiral R.I.)
Chiral compounds consist of two stereoisomers, called enantiomers, which are non-superimposable mirror images (see linalool, above) of one another with identical physical properties. Many biological interactions are mediated by chiral compounds and often bioactivity can differ between enantiomers. Due to ther identical physical properties enantiomers cannot be separted by standard GC column stationary phases. Chiral columns are available for these separations but there are essentially no retention index data, which are vital for the identification of compounds. A compound's retention index is calculated by comparing its retention time to that of a mixture of chemicals with relatively even retention times. A series of straight-chain alkanes is often used for this purpose. By definition, the retention index of octane is 800, nonane is 900, and so forth. Thus, an unknown compound that elutes between octane and nonane would have a retention index value between 800 and 900. We developed the Gas Chromatography Chiral Stationary Phase Retention Index Database to began to address this lack of chiral column retention index data.
We welcome chiral retention index data contributions to the database (contact Ken Keefover-Ring at ken.keefoverring@wisc.edu). We are open to receive samples and run them on our GC-MS. If want to perform the injections in your lab we used the following GC-MS conditons. We used commercially available chiral GC columns (Cyclodex-B and Cyclosil-B) of standard size (30 m x 0.25 mm, 0.25 μm film thickness). The GC oven profile consisted of an initial temperature of 40 °C for 5 min, followed by a 3 °C min-1 ramp to 200 °C, and finally a 25 °C min-1 ramp to 220 °C with a 1 min hold. Helium was used as carrier gas at a flow rate of 1 mL min-1 with the injector at 250 °C. The MS conditions included an electron impact (EI) source with electron energy of 70 eV and the source temperature at 300 °C. We injected each compound three times and calculated mean retention index and standard error. We then also injected an alkane series (C7-C40) standard mixture to calculate retention indices. See Alavez-Rosas et al. (2022) for further method details.
Table 1, below, has retenion index data for a Cyclodex-B column and Table 2 for a Cyclosil-B column.
The original idea and initial data for the Chiral Gas Chromatography Stationary Phase Retention Index Database is from: Alavez-Rosas, D., Nguyen, L., and Keefover-Ring, K. 2022. Retention indices of naturally-occurring compounds for common gas chromatography chiral stationary phases. Results in Chemistry 4: 100659.
Table 1. Common and systematic names, CAS number, formula, and linear (arithmetic) retention indices (±SE) of various chiral and achiral compounds on a Cyclodex-B stationary phase
Table 2. Common and systematic names, CAS number, formula, and linear (arithmetic) retention indices (±SE) of various chiral and achiral compounds on a Cyclosil-B stationary phase
Entry |
Common name |
Systematic name |
CAS number |
Formula |
Linear RI |
Reference |
1 |
2-Methyl-3-buten-2-ola |
2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol |
115-18-4 |
C5H10O |
768 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
2 |
m-Xylenea |
1,3-dimethylbenzene |
108-38-3 |
C8H10 |
901 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
3 |
3-Methyl-2-buten-1-ola |
3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol |
556-82-1 |
C5H10O |
982 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
4 |
(1S)-(-)-α-Pinenea |
(1S,5S)-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene |
7785-26-4 |
C10H16 |
982 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
5 |
trans-3-Hexen-1-ola |
(E)-hex-3-en-1-ol |
928-97-2 |
C6H12O |
986 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
6 |
(1R)-(+)-α-Pinenea |
(1R,5R)-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene |
7785-70-8 |
C10H16 |
998 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
7 |
Myrcenea |
7-methyl-3-methyleneocta-1,6-diene |
123-35-3 |
C10H16 |
1005 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
8 |
Tricyclenea |
1,7,7-trimethyltricyclo[2.2.1.02,6]heptane |
508-32-7 |
C10H16 |
1005 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
9 |
(-)-Camphenea |
(1S)-2,2-dimethyl-3-methylenebicyclo[2.2.1]heptane |
5794-04-7 |
C10H16 |
1004 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
10 |
(+)-Camphenea |
(1R)-2,2-dimethyl-3-methylenebicyclo[2.2.1]heptane |
5794-03-6 |
C10H16 |
1011 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
11 |
(+)-3-Carenea |
(1S,6R)-3,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-ene |
498-15-7 |
C10H16 |
1022 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
12 |
(R)-(-)-α-Phellandrenea |
(5R)-2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,3-diene |
99-83-2 |
C10H16 |
1031 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
13 |
α-Terpinenea |
1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,3-diene |
99-86-5 |
C10H16 |
1038 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
14 |
(+)-β-Pinenea |
(1R,5R)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptane |
127-91-3 |
C10H16 |
1038 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
15 |
(-)-β-Pinenea |
(1S,5S)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptane |
18172-67-3 |
C10H16 |
1046 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
16 |
trans-2-Hexen-1-ola |
(E)-2-hexen-1-ol |
928-95-0 |
C6H12O |
1053 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
17 |
cis-β-Ocimenea |
(3Z)-3,7-dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene |
3338-55-4 |
C10H16 |
1055 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
18 |
(S)-(-)-Limonenea |
(4S)-1-methyl-4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-1-ene |
5989-54-8 |
C10H16 |
1061 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
19 |
3-Octanonea |
Octan-3-one |
106-68-3 |
C8H16O |
1063 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
20 |
Isobuthylbenzenea |
(2-methylpropyl)benzene |
538-93-2 |
C10H14 |
1066 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
21 |
p-Cymenea |
1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylbenzene |
99-87-6 |
C10H14 |
1069 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
22 |
(R)-(+)-Limonenea |
(4R)-1-methyl-4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-1-ene |
5989-27-5 |
C10H16 |
1071 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
23 |
trans-β-Ocimenea |
(3E)-3,7-dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene |
3779-61-1 |
C10H16 |
1073 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
24 |
cis-3-Hexenyl acetatea |
(Z)-hex-3-enyl acetate |
3681-71-8 |
C8H14O2 |
1074 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
25 |
trans-2-Hexenyl acetatea |
(E)-hex-2-enyl acetate |
2497-18-9 |
C8H14O2 |
1079 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
26 |
γ-Terpinenea |
1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,4-diene |
99-85-4 |
C10H16 |
1087 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
27 |
Terpinolenea |
1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylidenecyclohexene |
586-62-9 |
C10H16 |
1106 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
28 |
Eucalyptol (1,8-cineole)a |
1,3,3-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane |
470-82-6 |
C10H18O |
1108 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
29 |
1-Octen-3-ola |
Oct-1-en-3-ol |
3391-86-4 |
C8H16 |
1137 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
30 |
Methyl benzoatea |
Methyl benzoate |
93-58-3 |
C8H8O2 |
1158 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
31 |
(Z)-Sabinene hydratea |
5-isopropyl-2-methylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-ol |
15537-55-0 |
C10H18O |
1185 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
32 |
Tetrahydro myrcenola |
2,6-dimethyl-2-octanol |
18479-57-7 |
C10H22O |
1209 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
33 |
(R)-(-)-Linaloola |
(R)-3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-ol |
126-90-9 |
C10H18O |
1219 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
34 |
(S)-(+)-Linaloola |
(R)-3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-ol |
78-70-6 |
C10H18O |
1225 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
35 |
(R)-(+)-Citronellala |
(R)-3,7-dimethyloct-6-enal |
2385-77-5 |
C10H18O |
1227 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
36 |
Ethyl benzoatea |
Ethyl benzoate |
93-89-0 |
C9H10O |
1231 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
37 |
p-Methoxyanisolea |
1,4-dimethoxybenzene |
150-78-7 |
C8H10O2 |
1236 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
38 |
Myrcenola |
2-methyl-6-methyleneoct-7-en-2-ol |
543-39-5 |
C10H18O |
1249 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
39 |
Estragolea |
1-methoxy-4-prop-2-enylbenzene |
140-67-0 |
C10H12O |
1251 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
40 |
Linalyl acetatea |
3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-yl acetate |
115-95-7 |
C12H20O2 |
1252 | 2Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
41 |
(1S)-(-)-Camphora |
(1S)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one |
464-48-2 |
C10H16O |
1269 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
42 |
(1R)-(+)-Camphora |
(1R)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one |
464-49-3 |
C10H16O |
1271 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
43 |
Myrcenyl acetatea |
(E)-2-methyl-6-methylideneoct-7-en-2-yl acetate |
1118-39-4 |
C12H20O2 |
1293 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
44 |
(S)-4-Carvomenthenola |
(S)-1-isopropyl-4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-ol |
562-74-3 |
C10H18O |
1299 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
45 |
(R)-4-Carvomenthenola |
(R)-1-isopropyl-4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-ol |
20126-76-5 |
C10H18O |
1300 | Alavez-R2sas et al. 2022 |
46 |
Levomenthola |
(1R,2S,5R)-2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexan-1-ol |
2216-51-5 |
C10H20O |
1303 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
47 |
L-Bornyl acetatea |
(1S,2R,4S)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl acetate |
5655-61-8 |
C12H20O2 |
1322 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
48 |
(S)-α-Terpineola |
2-[(1S)-4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]propan-2-ol |
10482-56-1 |
C10H18O |
1328 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
49 |
(R)-α-Terpineola |
2-[(1R)-4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]propan-2-ol |
98-55-5 |
C10H18O |
1335 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
50 |
Nerala |
(Z)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienal |
106-26-3 |
C10H16O |
1335 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
51 |
Thymoquinonea |
2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione |
490-91-5 |
C10H12O2 |
1339 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
52 |
(-)-Isoborneola |
(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol |
124-76-5 |
C10H18O |
1343 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
53 |
(1S)-(-)-Verbenonea |
(1S, 5S)-4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one |
1196-01-6 |
C10H14O |
1345 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
54 |
Nerola |
(Z)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol |
106-25-2 |
C10H18O |
1345 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
55 |
β-Citronellola |
(R)-3,7-dimethyl-6-octen-1-ol |
106-22-9 |
C10H20O |
1346 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
56 |
(-)-Borneola |
(1S,2R,4S)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol |
464-45-9 |
C10H18O |
1349 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
57 |
(1R)-(+)-Verbenonea |
(1R, 5R)-4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one |
18309-32-5 |
C10H14O |
1356 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
58 |
(+)-Isoborneola |
(1S,2S,4S)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol |
16725-71-6 |
C10H18O |
1356 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
59 |
(+)-Borneola |
(1R,2S,4R)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol |
464-43-7 |
C10H18O |
1367 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
60 |
Geraniala |
(E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienal |
141-27-5 |
C10H16O |
1381 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
61 |
Geraniola |
(E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienol |
106-24-1 |
C10H18O |
1382 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
62 |
(-)-Myrtenola |
((1R,5S)-6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-en-2-yl)methanol |
19894-97-4 |
C10H16O |
1382 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2020 |
63 |
α-Terpinyl acetatea |
(R)-2-(4-methylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl)propan-2-yl acetate |
8007-35-0 |
C12H20O2 |
1385 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
64 |
(+)-Longifolenea |
(1R,2S,7S,9S)-3,3,7-trimethyl-8-methylenetricyclo[5.4.0.02,9]undecane |
475-20-7 |
C15H24 |
1393 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
65 |
trans-Carvyl acetatea |
[(1R,5S)-2-methyl-5-prop-1-en-2-yl-1-cyclohex-2-enyl] acetate |
1134-95-8 |
C12H18O2 |
1404 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
66 |
cis-Carvyl acetatea |
[(1R,5R)-2-methyl-5-prop-1-en-2-yl-1-cyclohex-2-enyl] acetate |
1205-42-1 |
C12H18O2 |
1409 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
67 |
Geranyl acetatea |
(E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate |
105-87-3 |
C12H20O2 |
1434 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
68 |
trans-β-Caryophyllenea |
(1R,4E,9S)-4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylidenebicyclo[7.2.0]undec-4-ene |
87-44-5 |
C15H24 |
1437 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
69 |
α-Humuleneb |
(1E,4E,8E)-2,6,6,9-tetramethylcycloundeca-1,4,8-triene |
6753-98-6 |
C15H24 |
1471 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
70 |
Germacrene Db |
(1E,6E,8S)-1-methyl-5-methylidene-8-propan-2-ylcyclodeca-1,6-diene |
23986-74-5 |
C15H24 |
1491 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
71 |
γ-Elemeneb |
(1S,2S)-1-ethenyl-1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylidene-2-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexane |
29873-99-2 |
C15H24 |
1494 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
72 |
γ-Muuroleneb |
(1S,4aS,8aR)-7-methyl-4-methylidene-1-propan-2-yl-2,3,4a,5,6,8a-hexahydro-1H-naphthalene |
30021-74-0 |
C15H24 |
1551 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
73 |
δ-Cadineneb |
(1S,8aR)-4,7-dimethyl-1-propan-2-yl-1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydronaphthalene |
483-76-1 |
C15H24 |
1558 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
74 |
Thymola |
5-methyl-2-propan-2-ylphenol |
89-83-8 |
C10H14O |
1562 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
75 |
Carvacrola |
2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylphenol |
499-75-2 |
C10H14O |
1577 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
76 |
Cubenolb |
(1S,4R,4aR,8aR)-4,7-dimethyl-1-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,5,6,8a-hexahydro-1H-naphthalen-4a-ol |
21284-22-0 |
C15H26O |
1586 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
77 |
Nerolidola |
(3S,6Z)-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,6,10-trien-3-ol |
142-50-7 |
C15H26O |
1622 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
78 |
Catechola |
Benzene-1,2-diol |
120-80-9 |
C6H6O2 |
1640 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
79 |
Germacrene D-4-olb |
(1S,2E,4S,7E)-1,7-dimethyl-4-propan-2-ylcyclodeca-2,7-dien-1-ol |
74841-87-5 |
C15H26O |
1653 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
80 |
β-Eudesmolb |
2-[(2R,4aR,8aS)-4a-methyl-8-methylidene-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8a-octahydronaphthalen-2-yl]propan-2-ol |
473-15-4 |
C15H24O |
1886 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2022 |
81 |
α-Bisabolola |
(2R)-6-methyl-2-[(1R)-4-methyl-1-cyclohex-3-enyl]hept-5-en-2-ol |
515-69-5 |
C15H26O |
1929 | Alavez-Rosas et al. 2020 |